background information in research paper

What is the Background of a Study and How to Write it (with Examples)

Table of Contents

The background of a study is a critical component of any research paper. It acts as the foundation upon which the entire study is built. The purpose of the background is to provide context and rationale and to clarify the significance of the study. By explaining the importance of the study, the background of the study in research provides an overview of the relevant research and explains how your research will address any knowledge gaps. Did you know that the opening remarks of a research article can influence editorial decision outcomes and readership? A compelling background will encourage a reader to pay close attention to your paper.

A well-structured background reflects the author’s grasp of the research topic and the specific study. It should be concise and free of unnecessary details. It is advisable to write the background after completing the other sections of the manuscript, as this allows you to have all relevant information readily available, making it easier to create a thorough introduction to your paper.

In this article, we will delve into how to write the research background , all about background of the study format and structure, and background of the study examples . You will also learn how to make the background of the study effective and impressive.

What is the background of a study ?

A simple answer to the question “ What is the background of a study ?” could be that it is a roadmap that guides readers through the origins of your research journey. More specifically, the background of the study in research refers to the introductory section of a research paper that outlines the context and significance of the research topic. It sets the stage for understanding why the study is necessary and what it aims to achieve. Thus, it is essential for readers to grasp the relevance and implications of the research findings.

The main components of the study background are a general overview of the research area, clear statement of the problem or question, and review of the relevant literature. The background in research should not exclude relevant theories and concepts, claims and assumptions, historical data, and even controversies, if applicable.

How is a background different from the introduction?

Now you must be wondering how a background differs from the introduction! In fact, it is common for people to mistakenly view the introduction and the background of a research paper as identical, often using the terms interchangeably . While this confusion is quite understandable, it is crucial to recognize that these two components are fundamentally different and fulfill separate roles within the paper. Table 1 shows the key differences between the background of the study and introduction.

Table 1. Differentiating between the introduction and background of the study

Background of the study structure

Next, let’s take a look at the structure of the background of the study. Format and style of the text may differ depending on the discipline and the journal. However, broadly, the background of the study content is structured as follows:

Brief introduction: Provide an introduction and outline of the chronological developments that led to the current topic of research.
Literature review: Summarize the highlights of the main developments of the research topic and the main gaps that need to be addressed.
In an interdisciplinary study, you may provide a description of how different disciplines are linked .
In certain fields (social sciences), you might need to describe the theoretical framework.
Study rationale: Justify the study, providing the scope and significance.
Study objectives: Explain what the study seeks to accomplish.
Hypothesis: Define the research hypothesis.
Reiterate the importance: Finally, conclude the background of the study by explaining why this research matters.

You can see these aspects covered in a research background example in Figure 1. However, to reiterate, the background of the study format need not be exactly as depicted; the length, number of paragraphs, and order can be flexible, depending on the field and study type.

Figure 1: Fictional example showing background of the study structure

How to write the background of the study in research papers

Coming to how to write research background : writing the background of the study involves several steps that ensure clarity and relevance. Here is a stepwise approach:

Define your research problem

Begin the background of the study by clearly stating the problem your research addresses. This should include:

The specific issue or gap in knowledge that prompted your study.
Why this problem is significant within your field.

For example:

“Despite numerous studies on climate change impacts on agriculture, there remains insufficient understanding of how these impacts vary across different socio-economic contexts.”

Summarize the relevant literature

Summarize relevant literature that pertains to your research problem. Include key findings from previous studies, methodologies used in past research, any controversies or debates within the field, etc.

Highlight gaps in existing research

Identify specific areas where current literature falls short; note the lack of studies on a specific aspect, methodological weaknesses in previous studies, etc.

For example:

“Previous studies have primarily focused on large-scale agricultural operations, neglecting smallholder farmers, who may experience different challenges.”

State your research objectives

The background of the study structure should include an outline of what your study aims to achieve. This should be directly linked to the gaps identified in your literature review.

“This study aims to explore how smallholder farmers adapt their practices in response to climate change impacts, providing insights into their resilience strategies.”

Discuss the significance

Explain why your research is important. This could include potential implications for policy, practice, or further research.

For example: “Understanding smallholder adaptations can inform agricultural policies aimed at enhancing resilience among vulnerable populations.”

Read further to know how to make the background of the study more impressive without the typical mistakes many authors make.

Tips when writing the background of the study

Write this section after you have conducted a literature review and identified the research problem and objectives.
Make sure you have carefully read and understood the literature. Background in research calls for clear grasp of what is known and what you need to add.
Use note-taking apps and be sure to list the source so that you don’t miss citing a study or accidentally mis-reference a study.
Ensure that the details presented in the background of the study are presented chronologically and organized clearly.
After writing the section, take a step back and look at it after a short break. You might notice issues in flow or logic.
Ensure the use of a formal, academic tone in your writing.
Follow a consistent style for citations in your background of the study. Format ting should be in line with your target journal.
Seek feedback from a peer or mentor.
Consider receiving professional editing services to correct and polish background of the study content .

How to avoid mistakes in writing the background

Here are some pitfalls to avoid in your background of the study content :

Don’t be too vague. Ensure clarity by being specific about your topic and its significance.
At the same time, avoid overloading the text with information. Unrelated and distracting information is a no-no.
Don’t neglect the background of the study structure . Maintain logical flow throughout.
Avoid using jargon that may confuse readers rather than making concepts accessible.

Where does the study background section go in a paper?

One may consider the background of the study as a contextual “bridge” in a research paper. The background of the study in research is typically the first part of the introduction section. The background of the study content puts the work in context, offering relevant information a reader requires to understand the study rationale.

In a thesis, the background of the study may form an entire chapter. Meanwhile, t he background of the study in a research proposal might also have a dedicated section within or separate from the introduction.

Examples for background of a study

You saw a sample background of the study in Figure 1. To illustrate how to write an effective background, here are some research background examples from different fields, as well as a background of the study in research proposal example.

1. Background of the study example: Public health

Background of the study example: Public health

Research background example : Psychology

Research background example: Psychology

Background of the study in research proposal example

Key takeaways

The background of a study is an essential component of a research paper. It requires researchers to contextualize their work, justify its significance, and position it within existing knowledge. A well-written background not only enhances the perceived quality of the research but also engages readers’ interest in the study as a whole. Now that you have read about how to write the research background , as well as seen some sample background of the study examples, here is a quick glance at the key points to remember:

A well-organized background of a study structure typically includes an introduction, literature review, research gaps, research objectives, and significance.
A compelling background can influence editorial decision outcomes and readership.
Carefully read and understand the literature. Background in research should convey clearly what is known and what are the gaps.
Follow a consistent style for citations in your background of the study ; do not miss citing a study or accidentally mis-reference a study.
Ensure an organized background of the study structure . Do not include unrelated and irrelevant information.
Be sure to include relevant theories and concepts, claims and assumptions, historical data, and controversies as applicable.
If needed, seek editorial assistance to correct and polish background of the study content .

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is writing a background of the study necessary , how to create a background of the study that is engaging .

Frame your background around a central theme that resonates with your research. This narrative approach helps to create a connection with the reader and makes complex information more relatable
Offer a brief history of the topic, with milestones or developments that have shaped the current landscape. This context helps readers understand the evolution of the issue.
Discuss recent developments relevant to your research problem, such as technological advancements or societal shifts. This keeps the background timely and relevant.
Explain how your study addresses these gaps and contributes uniquely to the existing body of knowledge.

How does the background differ from the introduction in a research paper?

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What is the difference between citations and references?

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Home » Background of The Study – Examples and Writing Guide

Background of The Study – Examples and Writing Guide

Table of Contents

The background of the study is an integral part of a research paper, thesis, or dissertation. It provides the context for the research problem, introduces the topic, and highlights the importance of the study. A well-written background offers readers the foundation they need to understand the research’s objectives and significance, bridging the gap between what is already known and what the study aims to explore. This guide outlines the key components of a background of the study, provides step-by-step writing instructions, and offers practical examples to illustrate effective writing.

Background of The Study

The background of the study explains the broader context of the research problem. It provides information on the current state of knowledge, relevant historical developments, gaps in existing research, and the significance of addressing these gaps. This section often precedes the problem statement and serves as a foundation for understanding why the research is necessary.

To introduce the topic and establish its relevance.
To summarize existing research and identify knowledge gaps.
To explain the motivation and rationale behind the study.

Importance of the Background of the Study

Establishes Context : It situates the research within its broader academic or practical framework.
Justifies the Research : By highlighting gaps or unresolved issues, it demonstrates why the study is necessary.
Engages the Reader : A well-written background builds interest and understanding, preparing the reader for the study’s objectives.
Links to the Research Problem : It transitions smoothly into the problem statement, laying the groundwork for the research questions or hypotheses.

How to Write the Background of the Study

Step 1: understand the research topic.

Before writing, ensure you have a thorough understanding of your topic. Familiarize yourself with key concepts, theories, and previous studies.

Step 2: Identify the Key Elements

A strong background includes the following components:

Introduction to the Topic : Briefly describe the area of study and its importance.
Current Knowledge : Summarize what is already known from previous research.
Knowledge Gaps : Identify limitations or gaps in existing studies.
Relevance of the Study : Explain why addressing these gaps is significant.

Step 3: Organize the Content

Structure the background logically:

Start Broadly : Begin with general information about the topic.
Narrow the Focus : Gradually narrow down to the specific problem your research addresses.
End with a Rationale : Conclude with a clear statement of why your study is essential.

Step 4: Write Concisely and Clearly

Avoid overly technical language or excessive detail. Your goal is to provide enough context to inform and engage the reader without overwhelming them.

Examples of Background of the Study

Example 1: background of the study in education.

Topic : The Impact of Online Learning on High School Students’ Academic Performance

Background : The rapid advancement of digital technology has significantly transformed the educational landscape. Online learning, once considered a supplementary tool, became a primary mode of instruction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Numerous studies have examined the benefits of online education, including flexibility and accessibility. However, research also highlights challenges, such as reduced student engagement and lack of social interaction. Despite these findings, little is known about how online learning specifically affects academic performance among high school students in underserved communities. Addressing this gap is crucial for designing inclusive and effective online learning strategies.

Example 2: Background of the Study in Healthcare

Topic : The Role of Telemedicine in Managing Chronic Diseases

Background : Chronic diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension, are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Traditional face-to-face healthcare delivery has proven effective but often fails to address accessibility challenges for patients in rural or underserved areas. Telemedicine has emerged as a promising alternative, enabling remote monitoring and consultation through digital platforms. While previous research highlights the potential of telemedicine to improve patient outcomes, studies often focus on short-term benefits or specific conditions. There is limited evidence on its long-term impact on managing multiple chronic diseases simultaneously. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the effectiveness of telemedicine in comprehensive chronic disease management.

Example 3: Background of the Study in Environmental Science

Topic : The Effect of Urbanization on Local Biodiversity

Background : Urbanization is a global phenomenon characterized by the conversion of natural landscapes into urban environments. This process has profound implications for local biodiversity, often leading to habitat loss and species decline. Previous studies have documented the adverse effects of urbanization on ecosystems, including reduced species richness and altered ecological dynamics. However, there is a lack of research focusing on small urban centers, where urbanization is occurring at a slower yet significant pace. Understanding how urbanization affects biodiversity in these areas is essential for developing localized conservation strategies. This study seeks to address this gap by examining biodiversity patterns in small urban centers.

Tips for Writing an Effective Background of the Study

Start Broad, End Specific : Gradually transition from general information about the topic to the specific problem your research addresses.
Use Credible Sources : Reference peer-reviewed articles, reputable books, and authoritative reports to support your claims.
Avoid Repetition : Do not repeat content from other sections like the introduction or literature review; keep the background unique and focused.
Keep It Concise : The background should be clear and succinct, typically ranging from a few paragraphs to a couple of pages, depending on the length of the research.
Use Logical Flow : Ensure ideas are presented in a coherent order to maintain readability.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Being Too Vague : Failing to provide enough detail about the research context can leave readers confused.
Overloading with Information : Including excessive or irrelevant details may distract readers from the main focus.
Lack of Focus on Knowledge Gaps : The background should emphasize what is not known to justify the study.
Relying on Outdated Sources : Ensure your references are recent and relevant to maintain credibility.
Skipping the Rationale : Always explain why your research is significant and how it contributes to the field.

The background of the study is a crucial part of any research paper, thesis, or dissertation. It provides the necessary context for readers to understand the research problem, highlights existing knowledge, identifies gaps, and justifies the study’s significance. By following the steps and examples outlined in this guide, you can craft a compelling background that lays a strong foundation for your research.

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Machi, L. A., & McEvoy, B. T. (2016). The Literature Review: Six Steps to Success (3rd ed.). Corwin Press.
Ridley, D. (2012). The Literature Review: A Step-by-Step Guide for Students (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Booth, W. C., Colomb, G. G., & Williams, J. M. (2016). The Craft of Research (4th ed.). University of Chicago Press.
Swales, J. M., & Feak, C. B. (2012). Academic Writing for Graduate Students: Essential Tasks and Skills (3rd ed.). University of Michigan Press.

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What is the Background of a Study and How to Write It

A wide-ranging base under any research endeavor is called for, and the background of a study is an important constituent of this. It follows that this section shall present the framework of the research and give background information allowing readers to understand why this study is important.

So, what does a good background comprise? In which ways does it differ from a literature review? This will take you through everything you need to know about crafting a compelling background. Whether you are seasoned or just starting as a researcher, understanding this aspect can do wonders for your work. So, let’s dive right in!

What is the Background of Study?

The background of a study provides crucial context for the research undertaken. It explains the problem being addressed and delineates its pertinent historical dimensions, theoretical frameworks, or improvements related to the subject. This section enables the reader’s understanding of the reasons underlying the research and locates it in relation to the extant literature.

A good background section should be stated briefly, excluding unnecessary details. Begin with the general themes and gradually bring out the specifics relevant to your research. In addition, pertinent statistics, previous research, or significant events will help make your writing a better narrative and more engaging from the very first page.

Every research question starts with a conceptual framework, and it is when this has been established that the background of the study becomes all important. That is, the chapter puts before the reader all information necessary for an understanding as to why and how it is so important.

It is, therefore very important for researchers and students to understand the methodology that will be used in effectively writing this section. The right background frames the framework for your results and claims; it, therefore, enhances the importance that will be attached to the reader.

It connects established knowledge with new questions and hence forms one of the most crucial elements of scholarly research. Significance of the Study’s Background.

The background section of a study establishes the foundational context for the research endeavor. It provides the reader with necessary information for understanding why the topic in question is important. A well-articulated background identifies inadequacies in existing knowledge and highlights the pertinence of the conducted research.

It also serves as a link between previous literature and the goals of your study. In this part, one formulates various relevant theories and empirical outcomes and provides a basis which enhances the authenticity of your discussion. It is specially applicable at the time of intense examination carried out in a review of literature, as well as understanding previous works could influence further investigations.

What are the characteristics that determine the Background of a Study?

The context in which the study is conducted is extremely important to understand the research topic. This explains previous studies, relevant theories, and important findings underlying the study. Such a section introduces a rationale for identifying that there is a need to conduct the research.

This means that it has an idea of the existing gaps in ongoing studies or topics that require further research using already known knowledge related to new questions. An appropriate background not only educates the reader but also shows the relevance of your study in the general academic environment.

Background of a Study vs Literature Review

In a research study, the context sets the basis of the inquiry and provides substantial background and rationale. It explains why an investigation is reasonable by highlighting the problems or trends that led to its development. This section mainly concentrates on the gaps within existing knowledge and clarifies particular questions that the research seeks to answer.

A literature review explores the subtleties of past research relevant to your topic. It is a critical analysis of existing studies, synthesizing results, and explaining how your study will either add to or challenge the current understanding in the field.

What is the Purpose of Writing the Background of a Study?

The foundational context of a research investigation is very important for an understanding of its full scope. It enables the audience to appreciate the importance and relevance of the study. By delineating existing knowledge, pinpointing gaps in research, and emphasizing pressing questions, one effectively constructs the framework for the analysis.

This writing connects you with other scholars and experts in your area of study. It helps present a case that further points to the need for even more research, therefore broadening your understanding of why your study is important. Such preparation will encourage those to become interested and engage once they read your results later.

Who Writes a Background of a Study?

A research study’s background is usually built by the initiating researcher or the author. The latter experiences firsthand the research subject; he has first-hand experience about its applicability within the field. Insights stemming from this person go quite a long way in forming the context needed.

Co-authors involved in joint activities are assured of providing contributions. Every author comes with new insights that enhance the contextual framework. Besides, instructors or coaches may provide foundational insight to facilitate clarity and completeness in regard to this very essential component of research work.

Drafting in Preparation for the Background of the Study

Before writing the background of the study, all relevant materials have to be gathered. These may include previous researches, databases, and publications associated with this topic. Being updated about the current literature helps in understanding how your research fits within the academic scene.

Later, state the major topics or problem statements you want to focus on. Making an outline will help organize your ideas and ensure that your background presents the required context accordingly. This is a preparation stage that will lead to the development of a convincing history that supports the objectives you set for your study convincingly.

Writing Techniques on the Background of a Research

Begin with a clear statement of the research problem. This will give a focused course to your background, which will help in presenting relevant information. The language should be clear and direct and not technical jargon, which might confuse readers.

Organize the material chronologically or thematically after this. Highlight important contributions to the field and relate these to your research. Incorporate statistical data or recent findings to strengthen your study. Transition between ideas to keep the flow of the background section fluid and coherent.

Examples of good backgrounds in research

An effective background of a study sets up the stage for your research. As an example, in regard to the childhood obesity topic discussed above, it starts with a discussion of the increasing rates, societal influences, and previous interventions, among others. It becomes quite an interesting reading material and will further show how relevant that study was to your research.

For instance, in environmental science, the background on climate change impacts can include historical data and current trends. The provision of such information makes the work of the researchers urgent and important while establishing credibility within the field.

A strong background is an important factor in a research as it forms the base of the research effort. It gives background and focuses attention on the investigation. In a research, clearly defining what is being addressed and how relevant captures the interest of the audience and strengthens credibility.

Understanding the differences between a literature review and background information will really increase the productivity of any writer. Through comprehensive preparation and the use of an efficiently organized methodology, a writer can produce a richly detailed background that will achieve the goals of his research.

Employing examples will further elucidate optimal practices in this domain. As you refine your approach, it is essential to recognize that clarity and coherence are fundamental to ensuring that your research endeavors exert a tangible influence. Adhere to these principles while composing your work, making certain that each word fulfills its intended function in disseminating knowledge within your discipline.

Author: Enago Read

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What Is Background in a Research Paper?

So you have carefully written your research paper and probably ran it through your colleagues ten to fifteen times. While there are many elements to a good research article, one of the most important elements for your readers is the background of your study.

What is Background of the Study in Research

The background of your study will provide context to the information discussed throughout the research paper . Background information may include both important and relevant studies. This is particularly important if a study either supports or refutes your thesis.

Why is Background of the Study Necessary in Research?

The background of the study discusses your problem statement, rationale, and research questions. It links introduction to your research topic and ensures a logical flow of ideas. Thus, it helps readers understand your reasons for conducting the study.

Providing Background Information

The reader should be able to understand your topic and its importance. The length and detail of your background also depend on the degree to which you need to demonstrate your understanding of the topic. Paying close attention to the following questions will help you in writing background information:

Are there any theories, concepts, terms, and ideas that may be unfamiliar to the target audience and will require you to provide any additional explanation?
Any historical data that need to be shared in order to provide context on why the current issue emerged?
Are there any concepts that may have been borrowed from other disciplines that may be unfamiliar to the reader and need an explanation?

Related: Ready with the background and searching for more information on journal ranking? Check this infographic on the SCImago Journal Rank today!

Is the research study unique for which additional explanation is needed? For instance, you may have used a completely new method

How to Write a Background of the Study

The structure of a background study in a research paper generally follows a logical sequence to provide context, justification, and an understanding of the research problem. It includes an introduction, general background, literature review , rationale , objectives, scope and limitations , significance of the study and the research hypothesis . Following the structure can provide a comprehensive and well-organized background for your research.

Here are the steps to effectively write a background of the study.

1. Identify Your Audience:

Determine the level of expertise of your target audience. Tailor the depth and complexity of your background information accordingly.

2. Understand the Research Problem:

Define the research problem or question your study aims to address. Identify the significance of the problem within the broader context of the field.

3. Review Existing Literature:

Conduct a thorough literature review to understand what is already known in the area. Summarize key findings, theories, and concepts relevant to your research.

4. Include Historical Data:

Integrate historical data if relevant to the research, as current issues often trace back to historical events.

5. Identify Controversies and Gaps:

Note any controversies or debates within the existing literature. Identify gaps , limitations, or unanswered questions that your research can address.

6. Select Key Components:

Choose the most critical elements to include in the background based on their relevance to your research problem. Prioritize information that helps build a strong foundation for your study.

7. Craft a Logical Flow:

Organize the background information in a logical sequence. Start with general context, move to specific theories and concepts, and then focus on the specific problem.

8. Highlight the Novelty of Your Research:

Clearly explain the unique aspects or contributions of your study. Emphasize why your research is different from or builds upon existing work.

Here are some extra tips to increase the quality of your research background:

Example of a Research Background

Here is an example of a research background to help you understand better.

The above hypothetical example provides a research background, addresses the gap and highlights the potential outcome of the study; thereby aiding a better understanding of the proposed research.

What Makes the Introduction Different from the Background?

Your introduction is different from your background in a number of ways.

The introduction contains preliminary data about your topic that the reader will most likely read , whereas the background clarifies the importance of the paper.
The background of your study discusses in depth about the topic, whereas the introduction only gives an overview.
The introduction should end with your research questions, aims, and objectives, whereas your background should not (except in some cases where your background is integrated into your introduction). For instance, the C.A.R.S. ( Creating a Research Space ) model, created by John Swales is based on his analysis of journal articles. This model attempts to explain and describe the organizational pattern of writing the introduction in social sciences.

Points to Note

Your background should begin with defining a topic and audience. It is important that you identify which topic you need to review and what your audience already knows about the topic. You should proceed by searching and researching the relevant literature. In this case, it is advisable to keep track of the search terms you used and the articles that you downloaded. It is helpful to use one of the research paper management systems such as Papers, Mendeley, Evernote, or Sente. Next, it is helpful to take notes while reading. Be careful when copying quotes verbatim and make sure to put them in quotation marks and cite the sources. In addition, you should keep your background focused but balanced enough so that it is relevant to a broader audience. Aside from these, your background should be critical, consistent, and logically structured.

Writing the background of your study should not be an overly daunting task. Many guides that can help you organize your thoughts as you write the background. The background of the study is the key to introduce your audience to your research topic and should be done with strong knowledge and thoughtful writing.

The background of a research paper typically ranges from one to two paragraphs, summarizing the relevant literature and context of the study. It should be concise, providing enough information to contextualize the research problem and justify the need for the study. Journal instructions about any word count limits should be kept in mind while deciding on the length of the final content.

The background of a research paper provides the context and relevant literature to understand the research problem, while the introduction also introduces the specific research topic, states the research objectives, and outlines the scope of the study. The background focuses on the broader context, whereas the introduction focuses on the specific research project and its objectives.

When writing the background for a study, start by providing a brief overview of the research topic and its significance in the field. Then, highlight the gaps in existing knowledge or unresolved issues that the study aims to address. Finally, summarize the key findings from relevant literature to establish the context and rationale for conducting the research, emphasizing the need and importance of the study within the broader academic landscape.

The background in a research paper is crucial as it sets the stage for the study by providing essential context and rationale. It helps readers understand the significance of the research problem and its relevance in the broader field. By presenting relevant literature and highlighting gaps, the background justifies the need for the study, building a strong foundation for the research and enhancing its credibility.

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When i was studying it is very much hard for me to conduct a research study and know the background because my teacher in practical research is having a research so i make it now so that i will done my research

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Organizing Academic Research Papers: Background Information

Purpose of Guide
Design Flaws to Avoid
Glossary of Research Terms
Narrowing a Topic Idea
Broadening a Topic Idea
Extending the Timeliness of a Topic Idea
Academic Writing Style
Choosing a Title
Making an Outline
Paragraph Development
Executive Summary
Background Information
The Research Problem/Question
Theoretical Framework
Citation Tracking
Content Alert Services
Evaluating Sources
Primary Sources
Secondary Sources
Tertiary Sources
What Is Scholarly vs. Popular?
Qualitative Methods
Quantitative Methods
Using Non-Textual Elements
Limitations of the Study
Common Grammar Mistakes
Avoiding Plagiarism
Footnotes or Endnotes?
Further Readings
Annotated Bibliography
Dealing with Nervousness
Using Visual Aids
Grading Someone Else's Paper
How to Manage Group Projects
Multiple Book Review Essay
Reviewing Collected Essays
About Informed Consent
Writing Field Notes
Writing a Policy Memo
Writing a Research Proposal
Acknowledgements

Background information identifies and describes the history and nature of a well-defined research problem with reference to the existing literature. Background information in your Introduction should indicate the root of the problem being studied, its scope, and the extent to which previous studies have successfully investigated the problem, noting, in particular, where gaps exist that your study attempts to address. Introductory background information differs from a literature review in that it places the research problem in proper context rather than thoroughly examining pertinent literature.

Importance of Having Enough Background Information

Background information expands upon the key points stated in your introduction but is not the main focus of the paper. Sufficient background information helps your reader determine if you have a basic understanding of the research problem being investigated and promotes confidence in the overall quality of your analysis and findings.

Background information provides the reader with the essential context needed to understand the research problem . Depending on the topic being studied, forms of contextualization may include:

Cultural -- the issue placed within the learned behavior of specific groups of people.
Economic -- of or relating to systems of production and management of material wealth and/or business activities.
Historical -- the time in which something takes place or was created and how that influences how you interpret it.
Philosophical -- clarification of the essential nature of being or of phenomena as it relates to the research problem.
Physical/Spatial -- reflects the space around something and how that influences how you see it.
Political -- concerns the environment in which something is produced indicating it's public purpose or agenda.
Social -- the environment of people that surrounds something's creation or intended audience, reflecting how the people around something use and interpret it.
Temporal -- reflects issues or events of, relating to, or limited by time.

Background information can also include summaries of important, relevant research studies . The key is to summarize for the reader what is known about the specific research problem before you conducted your analysis. This is accomplished with a general review of the foundational research literature (with citations) that report findings that inform your study's aims and objectives.

Structure and Writing Style

Providing background information in the Introduction of a research paper serves as a bridge that links the reader to the topic of your study . But precisely how long and in-depth this bridge should be is largely dependent upon how much information you think the reader will need in order to understand the research problem being discussed and to appreciate why the issues you are investigating are important.

From another perspective, the length and detail of background information also depends on the degree to which you need to demonstrate to your professor how much you understand the topic. Keep this in mind because providing succinct background information can be an effective way to show that you have a clear grasp of key issues and concepts underpinning your overall study. Don't try to show off, though!

Given that the structure and writing style of your background information can vary depending upon the complexity of your research and/or the nature of the assignment, here are some questions to consider while writing :

Are there concepts, terms, theories, or ideas that may be unfamiliar to the reader and, thus, require additional explanation?
Are there historical elements that need to be explored in order to add needed context, to highlight specific people, issues, or events, or to lay a foundation for understanding the emergence of a current issue or event?
Is the research study unusual in some way that requires additional explanation, such as, a) your study uses a method never applied before to the research problem you are investigating; b) your study investigates a very esoteric or complex research problem; or, c) your study relies upon analyzing unique texts or documents, such as archival materials or primary documents like diaries or personal letters, that do not represent the established body of source literature on the topic.

Writing Tip

Background Information vs. the Literature Review

Incorporating background information into the Introduction is intended to provide the reader with critical information about the topic being studied, such as highlighting and expanding upon foundational studies conducted in the past, important historical events that inform why and in what ways the research problem exists, or defining key components of your study [concepts, people, places, things]. Although in social sciences research introductory background information can often blend into the literature review portion of the paper, basic background information should not be considered a substitute for a comprehensive review and synthesis of relevant research literature.

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Next: The Research Problem/Question >>
Last Updated: Jul 18, 2023 11:58 AM
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Research Guides

Organizing Your Social Sciences Research Paper

Background Information
Purpose of Guide
Design Flaws to Avoid
Independent and Dependent Variables
Glossary of Research Terms
Reading Research Effectively
Narrowing a Topic Idea
Broadening a Topic Idea
Extending the Timeliness of a Topic Idea
Academic Writing Style
Applying Critical Thinking
Choosing a Title
Making an Outline
Paragraph Development
Research Process Video Series
Executive Summary
The C.A.R.S. Model
The Research Problem/Question
Theoretical Framework
Citation Tracking
Content Alert Services
Evaluating Sources
Primary Sources
Secondary Sources
Tiertiary Sources
Scholarly vs. Popular Resources
Qualitative Methods
Quantitative Methods
Insiderness
Using Non-Textual Elements
Limitations of the Study
Common Grammar Mistakes
Writing Concisely
Avoiding Plagiarism
Footnotes or Endnotes?
Further Readings
Generative AI and Writing
USC Libraries Tutorials and Other Guides
Bibliography

Background information identifies and describes the history and nature of a well-defined research problem with reference to contextualizing existing literature. The background information should indicate the root of the problem being studied, appropriate context of the problem in relation to theory, research, and/or practice , its scope, and the extent to which previous studies have successfully investigated the problem by noting in particular, where gaps exist that your study attempts to address. Background information does not replace the literature review section of a research paper; it is intended to place the research problem within a specific context and an established plan for its solution.

Fitterling, Lori. Researching and Writing an Effective Background Section of a Research Paper. Kansas City University of Medicine & Biosciences; Creating a Research Paper: How to Write the Background to a Study. DurousseauElectricalInstitute.com; Background Information: Definition of Background Information. Literary Devices Definition and Examples of Literary Terms.

Importance of Having Enough Background Information

Background information expands upon the key points stated in the beginning of your introduction but is not intended to be the main focus of the paper. It generally supports the question, what is the most important information the reader needs to understand before continuing to read the paper? Sufficient background information helps the reader determine if you have a basic understanding of the research problem being investigated and promotes confidence in the overall quality of your analysis and findings. This information provides the reader with the essential context needed to conceptualize the research problem and its significance before moving on to a more thorough analysis of prior research.

Forms of contextualization included in background information can include describing one or more of the following:

Cultural -- placed within the learned behavior of a specific group or groups of people.
Economic -- of or relating to systems of production and management of material wealth and/or business activities.
Gender -- located within the behavioral, cultural, or psychological traits typically associated with being self-identified as male, female, or other form of gender expression.
Historical -- the time in which something takes place or was created and how the condition of time influences how you interpret it.
Interdisciplinary -- explanation of theories, concepts, ideas, or methodologies borrowed from other disciplines applied to the research problem rooted in a discipline other than the discipline where your paper resides.
Philosophical -- clarification of the essential nature of being or of phenomena as it relates to the research problem.
Physical/Spatial -- reflects the meaning of space around something and how that influences how it is understood.
Political -- concerns the environment in which something is produced indicating it's public purpose or agenda.
Social -- the environment of people that surrounds something's creation or intended audience, reflecting how the people associated with something use and interpret it.
Temporal -- reflects issues or events of, relating to, or limited by time. Concerns past, present, or future contextualization and not just a historical past.

Background information can also include summaries of important research studies . This can be a particularly important element of providing background information if an innovative or groundbreaking study about the research problem laid a foundation for further research or there was a key study that is essential to understanding your arguments. The priority is to summarize for the reader what is known about the research problem before you conduct the analysis of prior research. This is accomplished with a general summary of the foundational research literature [with citations] that document findings that inform your study's overall aims and objectives.

NOTE: Research studies cited as part of the background information of your introduction should not include very specific, lengthy explanations. This should be discussed in greater detail in your literature review section. If you find a study requiring lengthy explanation, consider moving it to the literature review section.

ANOTHER NOTE: In some cases, your paper's introduction only needs to describe the research problem, explain its significance, and then present a road map for how you are going to address the problem; the background information basically forms the introduction part of your literature review. That said, while providing background information is not required, including it in the introduction or under separate heading [i.e., "Background"] are ways to highlight important contextual information that could otherwise be hidden or overlooked by the reader if placed in the literature review section.

YET ANOTHER NOTE: In some research studies, the background information is described in a separate section after the introduction and before the literature review. This is most often done if the topic is especially complex or requires a lot of context in order to fully grasp the significance of the research problem. Most college-level research papers do not require background information unless it is assigned by your professor. However, if you find yourself needing to write more than a couple of pages [double-spaced lines] to provide the background information, it can be written as a separate section to ensure the introduction is not too lengthy.

Background of the Problem Section: What do you Need to Consider? Anonymous. Harvard University; Hopkins, Will G. How to Write a Research Paper. SPORTSCIENCE, Perspectives/Research Resources. Department of Physiology and School of Physical Education, University of Otago, 1999; Green, L. H. How to Write the Background/Introduction Section. Physics 499 Powerpoint slides. University of Illinois; Pyrczak, Fred. Writing Empirical Research Reports: A Basic Guide for Students of the Social and Behavioral Sciences . 8th edition. Glendale, CA: Pyrczak Publishing, 2014; Stevens, Kathleen C. “Can We Improve Reading by Teaching Background Information?.” Journal of Reading 25 (January 1982): 326-329; Woodall, W. Gill. Writing the Background and Significance Section. Senior Research Scientist and Professor of Communication. Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions. University of New Mexico.

Structure and Writing Style

Providing background information in a research paper serves as a bridge that links the reader to the research problem . Precisely how long and in-depth this bridge should be is largely dependent upon how much information you think the reader will need to know in order to fully understand the problem being examined and to appreciate why the issues you are analyzing are important.

From another perspective, the length and detail of background information also depends on the degree to which you need to demonstrate to your professor how much you understand the research problem. Keep this in mind because providing pertinent background information can be an effective way to demonstrate that you have a clear grasp of key issues, debates, and concepts related to your overall study.

The structure and writing style of your background information can vary depending upon the complexity of your research and/or the nature of the assignment. However, in most cases it should be limited to only a few paragraphs in your introduction. If you require more text to contextualized the topic, consider placing this information under a separate heading after the introduction.

Given this, here are some questions to consider while writing this part of your introduction :

Are there concepts, terms, theories, or ideas that may be unfamiliar to the reader and, thus, require additional explanation?
Are there historical elements that need to be explored in order to provide needed context, to highlight specific people, issues, or events, or to lay a foundation for understanding the emergence of a current issue or event?
Are there theories, concepts, or ideas borrowed from other disciplines or academic traditions that may be unfamiliar to the reader and therefore require further explanation?
Is there a key study or small set of studies that set the stage for understanding the topic and frames why it is important to conduct further research on the topic?
Y our study uses a method of analysis never applied before;
Your study investigates a very esoteric or complex research problem;
Your study introduces new or unique variables that need to be taken into account ; or,
Your study relies upon analyzing unique texts or documents, such as, archival materials or primary documents like diaries or personal letters that do not represent the established body of source literature on the topic?

Almost all introductions to a research problem require some contextualizing, but the scope and breadth of background information varies depending on your assumption about the reader's level of prior knowledge . However, despite this assessment, background information should be relatively brief and focused on setting the stage for the elaboration of critical points or in-depth discussion of key issues in the literature review section of your paper.

Writing Tip

Background Information vs. the Literature Review

Background information places the research problem within specific contexts; the review of the literature locates the problem within the domain of prior research. Background information is intended to provide the reader with information about the topic being studied, such as, highlighting and expanding upon foundational studies conducted in the past, describing important historical events that inform why and in what ways the research problem exists, defining key components of your study [concepts, people, places, phenomena] and/or placing the research problem within a particular context. Although background information can be blended into the literature review portion of the paper, essential background information should not be considered a substitute for a comprehensive review and synthesis of relevant research literature.

Hart, Cris. Doing a Literature Review: Releasing the Social Science Research Imagination . Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1998; Pyrczak, Fred. Writing Empirical Research Reports: A Basic Guide for Students of the Social and Behavioral Sciences . 8th edition. Glendale, CA: Pyrczak Publishing, 2014.

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Next: The Research Problem/Question >>
Last Updated: Dec 30, 2024 11:14 AM
URL: https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide

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A Research Guide
Research Paper Guide

How to Write a Background for a Research Paper

What is the background
Background structure
Literature review vs background
Step-by-step writing guide
Tips to avoid mistakes

Background information example

How to Write a Background for a Research Paper

The background of any academic paper is the academic backbone it relates to. Thus, you must carefully write the first section to keep the end goal clear for your reader.

We’ve got you covered if you need more time or writing skills to create a solid study paper! This article will provide the necessary information to write a background for a research paper. Let’s go!

What is the background of the study in research?

The research paper background refers to the section, component, or thesis that provides context and justification for conducting the study. It outlines the existing knowledge, gaps, and limitations in the field or topic you currently investigate.

The definition of “background” says it should begin with a general introduction to the subject matter, providing an overview of the broader scientific area. It aims to familiarize the reader with the topic and establish its significance and relevance in the existing body of knowledge.

Furthermore, the background of the study highlights the specific problem or knowledge gap that the current study aims to address. It emphasizes the need for further investigation, highlighting the unanswered questions or areas where you have to conduct an additional examination.

The background of the study also plays a crucial role in shaping the study objectives, questions, and hypotheses . By reviewing the existing literature and identifying gaps, academic associates can formulate clearer goals and design appropriate methodologies to address the specific problems.

The background of the study structure

The background statement can vary depending on the scientific field and the paper or thesis requirements. However, it generally follows a logical flow and includes several key components. Here is a standard structure for the background structure:

Introduction: Begin with a brief introduction that provides an overview of the chosen topic and its importance. This section should capture the reader’s interest and establish the context for the study.
Current problem: As an academic author, you must clearly identify the scientif problem or gap in the existing knowledge the study aims to address. Please explain why this problem is significant and why it requires further investigation.
Literature review: Review the relevant literature related to the research topic. Summarize critical theories, concepts, and findings from previous studies directly relevant to the research problem. Discuss the existing knowledge and highlight any limitations or gaps the current study aims to fill.
Research questions/objectives/hypotheses: To write background information, you should clearly state the research questions, objectives, or assumptions that guide the study. These should be directly derived from the research problem and align with the gaps identified in the literature review.
Study rationale: Explain the potential contributions and implications of the study. Discuss how the findings may advance knowledge, address practical issues, or have broader impacts in the field or society. Justify why the study is worth conducting and how it adds value to the existing body of knowledge.
Scope and limitations: Define the size of the study by outlining the boundaries and specific aspects you will cover. Discuss any limits or constraints impacting the study’s findings or generalizability.
Summary: Provide a concise summary or conclusion of the background section of a research paper, emphasizing the research problem, significance, and the need for further investigation.

It’s important to note that you can imply changes to the structure based on your requirements and the specific guidelines provided by your college advisor.

Difference between literature review and background

The literature review and the background of the study are two distinct components of a research paper or thesis, although they are closely related. Let’s explore the differences between these two sections:

Steps to write a good background section

When writing a background section for a research paper, you can follow these three steps to ensure a clear and compelling presentation:

Identify the Research Problem

Begin by clearly identifying and defining the research problem or gap in the existing knowledge that your study aims to address.
Consider the significance and relevance of the problem within your research field or discipline.
Briefly explain why the problem is essential and how addressing it can contribute to the existing body of knowledge.

Review the Relevant Literature

Conduct a thorough literature review to gather relevant information and understand the current state of knowledge on your research topic.
Summarize critical theories, concepts, and findings from previous studies that directly relate to your research problem.
Highlight any gaps, controversies, or limitations in the existing literature that your study aims to address.
Organize the literature review logically, either by themes, sub-topics, or chronologically, depending on what they mean for your research.

Provide Rationale and Objectives

Provide a clear rationale for conducting your study based on the research problem and the gaps identified in the literature review.
Explain why your research is essential and how it will contribute to filling the identified gaps or advancing knowledge in the field.
State the specific research objectives or questions your study aims to answer.
Align the objectives with the research problem and the gaps identified in the literature, demonstrating how your study will address those gaps.

Following these steps, you can create a well-structured and coherent background section that establishes your research’s context, significance, and rationale. Remember to provide sufficient background information and be concise yet informative in your presentation.

The main tips to avoid mistakes

Here are a few tips to help you avoid common mistakes when writing background paragraphs:

Focus on the research topic;
Be concise and clear;
Use credible and up-to-date sources;
Provide a logical flow;
Avoid excessive jargon and technical terms;
Balance breadth and depth;
Use citations appropriately;
Revise and proofread.

By following these tips, you can enhance the quality of your background section, ensuring that it effectively sets the stage for your research and engages the reader from the beginning of your paper.

To write the background of a research paper, you must understand the overall structure and know exactly how this section should look.

Let’s see an excellent example of a background section for a research paper on the topic of “The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health”:

“The rapid rise of social media platforms in recent years has transformed how people communicate, connect, and share information. Platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Snapchat have become integral parts of daily life for millions of individuals worldwide.

While social media offers numerous benefits, including increased social connectivity and access to diverse perspectives, concerns have been raised regarding its potential impact on mental health.

Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between social media use and mental health outcomes, focusing on depression, anxiety, and body image dissatisfaction.

This study seeks to contribute to the existing knowledge by employing a longitudinal design and examining a broad range of mental health outcomes among a diverse sample of adults aged 18-45.

Research has shown that excessive use of social media and constant exposure to carefully curated and idealized representations of others’ lives can contribute to feelings of inadequacy, social comparison, and low self-esteem.

Additionally, cyberbullying has emerged as a significant concern, as individuals may experience harassment, negative comments, and exclusion within the online environment”.

Brief Summary

You have to be very concise and clear to write a background paragraph. Remember that it often serves as the first point of contact between your research and the reader. As a result, the background section has to focus on the study, explaining the significance and relevance of the research problem.

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Mastering the Basics of Writing Background of the Study

Table of contents

1 Purpose of the Research Paper Background
2.1 Starting with Preliminary Research for Broad Context
2.2.1 Chronological
2.2.2 Thematical
2.2.3 Methodological
2.3 Link to Your Research Question
2.4 Avoid Plagiarism and Ensuring Proper Citation
2.5 Using Clear, Academic Language
2.6 Don’t Overload with Excessive Details
2.7 Review Relevant Literature
2.8 Identify Gaps or Contradiction
2.9 Keep Your Target Audience in Mind
2.10 Stay Objective
2.11 Mention Methodologies, Scope, and Limitations
3 Bottom Line
4.1 How long should background information be?
4.2 What is the difference between background of the study and problem statement?
4.3 Why is background research important to the research process?

Writing a research paper can be a juggling act, especially for those with little experience. There are so many elements to consider, and you need to cover all the bases if you want your paper to elevate your academic standings.

The background in research paper is where you lay out the topic, the gaps in the literature that this study seeks to fill, and your study’s general and unique contributions. Thus, developing the research paper background section is crucial to give a general overview of the study.

That’s why we’ve decided to give you some pointers, including:

The purpose of the background of the study;
Collecting and organizing background information;
Linking the background to your present study;
Using proper citation and wording, retaining objectivity.

Purpose of the Research Paper Background

When you write a research background of the study, you explain the rationale and foundation for doing the research. It’s quite different from the research paper introduction section or a literature review. Here, you explore the history, nature, and scope of your research problem. Once you determine how previous studies have covered the problem, you can pinpoint the remaining gaps, discuss their importance, and how your study can fill them.

Essentially, it’s the foundation of your entire study. It determines the structure of your paper, highlights a well-defined research problem, and helps the reader determine your research’s unique and general contributions. Besides serving as a clear roadmap, a well-written background of the study must help the reader understand the value and purpose of your research.

How to Write a Background of the Study

Any researcher needs to understand the steps that go into writing an effective background of the study. Since you don’t have clarity in the early stages, you need to collect more information via preliminary research. Then, you should organize your information in a structure that can seamlessly lead up to your research paper in a way that shows the significance of your study.

So, if you’re wondering what is background of the study in research and how to compose it, here are some tips.

Starting with Preliminary Research for Broad Context

Before delving into writing the background of a research paper, you need a comprehensive review of the most important articles and reports on the subject in a literature review to acquire some introductory background information. Basically, you need to collect as much research data as possible.

To start with the background of an article, look for prior studies that address your issue statement in detail. Refer to reputable resources, such as academic databases and publications, and use their bibliography and literature review section to find new sources. This lets you discover new authors treating your research topic.

Finally, keep note of each piece of material you find if you decide to include it in your thesis. It helps you avoid or at least reduce plagiarism in research when you integrate those sources into your work.

Organize the Information

Now it’s time to discuss a vital writing tip: background information categorization. Most researchers use one of the three approaches: chronological, thematic, or methodological.

Chronological

Here, the study background and contextual information are organized in a chronological structure. As such, the reader can understand how you arrived at your conclusions about the development and the next steps you want to take in your research.

It can also be based on a trend. This method should be used only if you’re sure that the trends build logically upon one another and trace back in time. Overall, you must:

Highlight only the most crucial background information in research
Only use facts that can be objectively confirmed
Find gaps in previous studies
Give your opinion

When the background of a research paper is thematic, it is structured around the topics comprising your research problem. Start by identifying the main and secondary themes. Then, create hierarchies based on their importance or how they’re related to each other.

In other words, it requires structuring the basic background information into paragraphs that highlight themes and identify patterns in the research topic.

Separate each paragraph with a topic sentence, and ensure that each sentence effectively synthesizes background information from many sources. You can also use the famous inverted pyramid method to go from a general overview to the specifics. Overall, this method gives an overview of all topics and themes of your research subject.

Methodological

This approach for writing background of study in research focuses on the methodology in research paper rather than specific topics or the chronological order. It draws attention to the differences and similarities across research methods and offers alternative insights into the subject.

If you cover a topic where there are many relevant models or theories, it is helpful to highlight the most popular ones. In this manner, you can get a basic understanding of the most common perspectives on your subject by categorizing the paper according to the theoretical framework.

Link to Your Research Question

Be specific about the knowledge gap your research study intends to fill and show how this inspired your research questions or theories. This will help place your study in the context of the larger academic discussion while also highlighting its unique contribution.

Avoid talking about irrelevant topics, and focus on what is most important regarding your subject. In other words, every step or theme you discuss should disclose the problems and explain why you deem it important to solve them.

Avoid Plagiarism and Ensuring Proper Citation

Plagiarism is one of the main reasons for writers to seek professional help with research paper writing. To avoid accusations of plagiarism, it is important to properly credit the ideas, models, and conclusions of others. Accurately citing your sources helps maintain academic honesty and gives readers easy access to further basic research papers.

The citation style you use may be determined by the guidelines of the publication or the institution you’re affiliated with. There are plenty of online resources, including guidelines and generators, that help you adhere to the given requirements.

Using Clear, Academic Language

language requirement for research background

An effective background should clearly highlight the research problem and how you plan to address it. This can only be achieved by using the correct terminology while keeping the text clear and understandable. Thus, use technical phrases with caution and provide essential context and definitions for any unfamiliar term.

Make sure that even readers who aren’t familiar with your field can understand the rationale and hypothesis in study papers. Your study will be more accessible and appealing if you do this.

Don’t Overload with Excessive Details

Keep your writing simple and to the point. Although providing sufficient background information helps simplify your study, you should avoid using too many words. Going too deeply into the evidence that inspired your research problem might just confuse your readers.

In other words, it is not necessary to describe every step or every point of relevant research studies. In the background section, only discuss the important details and results that led you to formulate your research question.

Review Relevant Literature

Only by knowing and understanding what has been said and discovered before you can hope to give your contribution. When reviewing relevant research literature, you should provide a concise summary of previous studies and other works that have laid the groundwork for your own. Ensuring the material you use comes from credible sources in research is key. Also, remember to explore all nuances that could help with your research topic.

Identify Gaps or Contradiction

Normally, research objectives are based on the gaps and contradictions found in analyzing the literature review and previous research. Failing to do so might create a redundant or meaningless paper. That’s why, in the background section, you must clarify the reasoning behind how you unveiled the problems you seek to solve. You should also detail the methods to test and quantify your study hypothesis and how your findings will add to what’s already known.

Note that you’re also likely to leave a research gap or have some contradictions in your study. Don’t forget to recognize and inform your readers about them. It shows professionalism and enhances your credibility.

Keep Your Target Audience in Mind

It’s crucial to tailor the background of the study to your audience. Whether for an assignment or an academic publishing, you must write in a way that makes your message come across. So, if you know that the paper is going to be read by experts in the field, it’s ok to use a more technical and complex vocabulary.

Conversely, if the audience is more general, consider their scholarly background, avoid jargon, provide contextual information and explain concepts in a simple way.

Stay Objective

Retaining objectivity is one of the defining key components for all academic essay writers . However, having a personal interest or predisposition for a certain point of view might make it difficult to avoid bias and retain impartiality. Using a wide range of sources that address various topics, viewpoints, and research methods is crucial for maintaining objectivity both in the background and literature review section.

Mention Methodologies, Scope, and Limitations

Scientific research demands appropriate and proven methodologies. That’s why it’s important to clarify which ones you used, why and how they fit in the context of your research. The explanation should include the methodology for data collection and analysis, models, and the tools used.

The reasoning must be linked with the scope of your research. This must be clearly stated and intertwined with methods and context.

Finally, identify and discuss the shortcomings of your study background. It demonstrates that you’ve given careful thought to the study’s limits and have a firm grasp of the subject at hand. Researchers and reviewers will respect you more if you are upfront about the limits of your research methodology and go into depth about them rather than pretending they don’t exist.

Bottom Line

The first stage in writing a great research paper is to provide an intriguing background for the study. Its purpose is to explain the bigger picture, stress the importance of your study, and lay out the key issues you chose to study. Don’t forget that the background section of research paper writing isn’t a literature review. It discusses the reasons behind your study, points out any gaps in existing works, and explains how you would help fill those gaps.

All this should have taught you how to write a background for a research paper. But don’t forget that knowing the theory is only the first step. Whenever you feel stuck, don’t be shy to ask for guidance and rely on the help of experts.

How long should background information be?

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How to Write Research Background: Key Points and Case Studies

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Table of Contents

The background section, typically the first section in any manuscript, identifies the specific problems within the field of study that the current manuscript intends to tackle. It emphasizes the need for further investigation by highlighting unanswered questions or areas requiring additional examination. ¹

As the opening chapter of a paper, the research background plays a crucial role in making a strong initial impression on readers. The research background of different papers may vary in length and content, but outstanding research backgrounds often share a common trait: they provide a detailed explanation of the research topic through clear and concise expression, demonstrating a thorough understanding of the subject and sparking the reader’s interest. Key information related to the research topic should be initially introduced in the research background section. ²

Having understood the purpose of the background section, we’ve summarized four key points 2, ² ³ for writing a research background, as well as four common mistakes, applicable to researchers from various academic disciplines. Let’s explore how it should be done!

Four Step Guide to Writing a Research Background

1. Start by stating the problem

Begin the background by defining the problem that your research will address. Tell the reader why the problem is worth your attention and is also worth theirs.

2. Summarize the relevant literature

After defining the research problem, provide a review of the existing research on the subject. The goal of this exercise is not to simply list relevant studies but to analyze them in the light of your research problem. Try to identify any gaps in the literature, problems with methodology or unreliable findings.

3. Establish the theoretical framework

Every good research has sound theoretical foundations. In the background section, it is crucial to identify the core theories or theoretical models that your study is based on. Ensure that you describe the core theory or model in simple terms. If your readers understand the theoretical underpinnings of your research, they will be able to better understand and appreciate your findings.

4. Define Objectives and Significance

Having set the stage for your study, it is time to unveil the main research questions or hypotheses. Ensure they are well-defined and align neatly with the key problems you’ve described earlier. Then, explain the research findings and summarize their significance, such as their impact on the academic field, other related fields, and real life.

Once you have touched upon all the above discussed aspects, sum up the background section with a crisp summary before moving on to the next section.

Now, after having looked at what a background should have, let’s take a look at four common mistakes that you should avoid while writing the background ² :

Ambiguous or overly technical writing

While writing, don’t leave any of the information open to interpretation. Steer clear of any ambiguity. Strike a balance by avoiding overly technical terms or jargons that may confuse readers. Researchers should consider clarifying complex concepts or terms beforehand to help readers accurately grasp the main research topic.

Lack of apparent connection with the research problem

The research problem is the anchor for your background section. The expressed purpose of this section is to set the stage for the research question. If you digress and talk about peripheral issues unconnected with the research problem, you will confuse the reader, and the background will not fulfill its purpose. Stay focused on the research problem.

Omitting key studies

The background section should provide a detailed explanation of the research topic. Researchers can use the four steps mentioned above to review their work, avoiding content gaps that could impact the credibility of both the researcher and the paper, or make the arguments seem too subjective or insufficiently informed .

Failing to cite research correctly

If you are using a theory or concept that is not yours, make sure you mention its creator. If you have modified a theory or concept, explain how and to what degree. You must cite your sources correctly to avoid being accused of plagiarism.

Example of Research Background

Having listed the dos and don’ts while writing a background section, let’s look at an example of what a good ‘Background’ section looks like ⁴ , notice how historical and technical information is presented from the most general to more specific in this background.

Needless to say, the background section of your manuscript is essentially the groundwork for the rest of your manuscript. However, crafting a compelling background for your manuscript doesn’t have to be overwhelming. By following the key approaches outlined above, and avoiding common mistakes, you can craft an effective background that sets a compelling narrative for your study, captures the reader’s interest, and encourages them to dive deeper into your research. Remember, a well-crafted, strong background section can keep your audience hooked till the very end of your paper.

For more insights on crafting a contextually relevant, crisp, and fitting background for your manuscript, consider reaching out to Elsevier Language Services . Our experts are available to assist you with a range of services tailored to meet your needs and enhance your manuscript. Contact us to learn more about how we can support your research journey.

Type in wordcount for Standard Total: USD EUR JPY Follow this link if your manuscript is longer than 12,000 words. Upload

References:

How to Write a Background for a Research Paper- A Research Guide for Students (2023). https://www.aresearchguide.com/write-background-research-paper.html
Tips for Writing an Effective Background of the Study (2023). https://www.servicescape.com/blog/tips-for-writing-an-effective-background-of-the-study
Asiwe, Jerome Ndudi, et al. “Inhibition of Oxido-Inflammatory and Apoptotic Pathway Is Involved in the Protective Effect of Ginkgo Biloba Supplement in Cyclosporine-A Induced Vascular Dysfunction in Wistar Rat.” Pharmacological Research – Modern Chinese Medicine , vol. 7, 1 June 2023, p. 100252, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667142523000386 .
Inhibition of oxido-inflammatory and apoptotic pathway is involved in the protective effect of Ginkgo biloba supplement in cyclosporine-A induced vascular dysfunction in Wistar rat.

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What is the Background of a Study? How to Write it (with …
Learn what the background of a study is and why it is important. Read this comprehensive article to understand its purpose in research papers and how to write it step by step with examples.
Background of a Study? How to Write it (with Examples ...">What is the Background of a Study? How to Write it (with Examples...
Dec 18, 2024 · Learn what the background of a study is and why it is important. Read this comprehensive article to understand its purpose in research papers and how to write it step by step with examples.
Background of The Study – Examples and Writing Guide - Research Method">Background of The Study – Examples and Writing Guide - Research...
Mar 25, 2024 · The background of the study is a crucial part of any research paper, thesis, or dissertation. It provides the necessary context for readers to understand the research problem, highlights existing knowledge, identifies gaps, and justifies the study’s significance.
Background of a Study and How to Write It">What is the Background of a Study and How to Write It
The provision of such information makes the work of the researchers urgent and important while establishing credibility within the field. Conclusion. A strong background is an important factor in a research as it forms the base of the research effort. It gives background and focuses attention on the investigation.
Background in a Research Paper? - Enago">What Is Background in a Research Paper? - Enago
Sep 13, 2017 · The background of a research paper provides the context and relevant literature to understand the research problem, while the introduction also introduces the specific research topic, states the research objectives, and outlines the scope of the study.
Research Papers: Background Information">Organizing Academic Research Papers: Background Information
Jul 18, 2023 · Background information identifies and describes the history and nature of a well-defined research problem with reference to the existing literature. Background information in your Introduction should indicate the root of the problem being studied, its scope, and the extent to which previous studies have successfully investigated the problem ...
Background Information - Organizing Your Social Sciences Research Paper ...">Background Information - Organizing Your Social Sciences Research...
Dec 19, 2024 · Background information identifies and describes the history and nature of a well-defined research problem with reference to contextualizing existing literature.
Background for a Research Paper - A Research Guide for ...">How to Write a Background for a Research Paper - A Research Guide...
Jun 26, 2023 · The research paper background refers to the section, component, or thesis that provides context and justification for conducting the study. It outlines the existing knowledge, gaps, and limitations in the field or topic you currently investigate.
Background of the Study: Blueprint to Rese - PapersOwl.com">How to Write Background of the Study: Blueprint to Rese -...
Sep 29, 2023 · When the background of a research paper is thematic, it is structured around the topics comprising your research problem. Start by identifying the main and secondary themes. Then, create hierarchies based on their importance or how they’re related to each other.
Background of the Study - SciSpace by Typeset">How to Write an Effective Background of the Study - SciSpace by...
Sep 25, 2023 · What is the background of the study? The background of the study is placed at the beginning of a research paper. It provides the context, circumstances, and history that led to the research problem or topic being explored. It offers readers a snapshot of the existing knowledge on the topic and the reasons that spurred your current research.
Research Background: Key Points and Case Studies - Elsevier">How to Write Research Background: Key Points and Case Studies -...
Four Step Guide to Writing a Research Background 1. Start by stating the problem Begin the background by defining the problem that your research will address. Tell the reader why the problem is worth your attention and is also worth theirs. 2. Summarize the relevant literature

What is the Background of a Study and How to Write it (with Examples)

What is the background of a study ?

How is a background different from the introduction?

Background of the study structure

How to write the background of the study in research papers

Define your research problem

Summarize the relevant literature

Highlight gaps in existing research

State your research objectives

Discuss the significance

Tips when writing the background of the study

How to avoid mistakes in writing the background

Where does the study background section go in a paper?

Key takeaways

Frequently Asked Questions

How does the background differ from the introduction in a research paper?

Related Reads:

What is the difference between citations and references?

Background of The Study – Examples and Writing Guide

Background of The Study

Importance of the Background of the Study

How to Write the Background of the Study

Step 2: Identify the Key Elements

Step 3: Organize the Content

Step 4: Write Concisely and Clearly

Examples of Background of the Study

Example 2: Background of the Study in Healthcare

Example 3: Background of the Study in Environmental Science

Tips for Writing an Effective Background of the Study

Common Mistakes to Avoid

About the author

Muhammad Hassan

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What Is Background in a Research Paper?

What is Background of the Study in Research

Why is Background of the Study Necessary in Research?

Providing Background Information

How to Write a Background of the Study

1. Identify Your Audience:

2. Understand the Research Problem:

3. Review Existing Literature:

4. Include Historical Data:

5. Identify Controversies and Gaps:

6. Select Key Components:

7. Craft a Logical Flow:

8. Highlight the Novelty of Your Research:

Example of a Research Background

What Makes the Introduction Different from the Background?

Points to Note

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