essay of nationalism

Essay on Nationalism

Students are often asked to write an essay on Nationalism in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Nationalism

Understanding nationalism.

Nationalism is a deep love for one’s country. It’s a feeling of pride, loyalty, and protectiveness towards your nation. It’s about valuing the culture, history, and identity of your country.

Nationalism’s Role

Nationalism plays a crucial role in uniting people. It encourages citizens to work together for the betterment of their country. It helps in fostering a sense of community and shared goals.

Nationalism: A Double-Edged Sword

While nationalism can unite people, it can also lead to conflicts if it fosters superiority over other nations. Therefore, it’s essential to balance nationalism with respect for global harmony.

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250 Words Essay on Nationalism

The concept of nationalism.

Nationalism, a political ideology, has shaped world history and continues to influence global politics. It is a sentiment that attaches individuals to their nation, fostering a shared identity based on culture, language, or historical experiences.

Origins and Evolution

Nationalism emerged in the late 18th century during the French Revolution, where the concept of ‘nation’ was used to unite citizens against the monarchy. It evolved during the 19th and 20th centuries, playing a crucial role in the formation of modern states and independence movements.

Nationalism’s Dual Nature

Nationalism has a dual nature. On one hand, it can foster unity, patriotism, and social cohesion. For instance, nationalism was instrumental in decolonization movements, helping countries gain independence. On the other hand, excessive nationalism can lead to xenophobia, discrimination, and conflict. The two World Wars are stark examples of destructive nationalism.

Nationalism in Today’s World

In today’s globalized world, nationalism is experiencing a resurgence. It is being used as a tool by politicians to consolidate power, often at the expense of minority groups. This has led to a rise in populist movements and anti-immigrant sentiments in many parts of the world.

The Future of Nationalism

The future of nationalism is uncertain. While it can potentially serve as a unifying force, unchecked nationalism can lead to societal discord. Therefore, it is essential for societies to strike a balance, fostering a sense of national pride without compromising on inclusivity and diversity.

500 Words Essay on Nationalism

Introduction to nationalism.

Nationalism, a multifaceted concept, is often defined as a strong sense of loyalty or devotion to one’s own nation. It is an ideology that places the interests and culture of the nation above all else, often fostering a sense of identity and unity among its citizens. This essay delves into the nature of nationalism, its various forms, implications, and its role in shaping the modern world.

The Many Faces of Nationalism

Nationalism can manifest in various forms, each with its unique characteristics and implications. Civic nationalism, for instance, is based on shared political values and institutions, emphasizing citizens’ active participation in the nation’s democratic processes. In contrast, ethnic nationalism is rooted in shared cultural, linguistic, or racial ties, often leading to exclusionary practices against those deemed ‘other.’

Cultural nationalism emphasizes the shared cultural heritage and traditions, while liberal nationalism champions individual rights and freedoms within the nation-state. These diverse forms of nationalism highlight its complex and dynamic nature, which can both unite and divide societies.

Nationalism can be a powerful force for good, fostering unity, identity, and a sense of belonging. It can motivate citizens to contribute to the nation’s progress, preserve cultural heritage, and resist external threats. Nationalism has played a pivotal role in the decolonization movements and the establishment of nation-states in the 20th century.

However, nationalism can also have negative implications. When taken to extremes, it can lead to xenophobia, ethnic cleansing, and even war. The destructive potential of nationalism was evident in the two World Wars and numerous ethnic conflicts worldwide. Hence, while nationalism can foster unity and pride, it can also breed division and conflict.

Nationalism in the Globalized World

In the era of globalization, the role of nationalism is evolving. Globalization, with its emphasis on transnational connections and interdependence, seems to challenge the very idea of the nation-state. However, rather than diminishing, nationalism has adapted to these changes, often intensifying in response to perceived threats to national identity or sovereignty.

In some cases, globalization has led to a resurgence of nationalism, as seen in the rise of populist movements and the increasing emphasis on border control in various countries. This interplay between nationalism and globalization underscores the continued relevance of nationalism in the 21st century.

In conclusion, nationalism, with its various forms and implications, remains a potent force in shaping the world. While it can foster unity and identity, it can also lead to division and conflict. In the globalized world, nationalism continues to evolve, often in response to perceived threats to national identity or sovereignty. Understanding the dynamics of nationalism is, therefore, crucial in navigating the complexities of the modern world.

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Nationalism Essay | Essay on Nationalism for Students and Children in English

October 21, 2024 by Prasanna

Nationalism Essay: Nationalism is a term that has been used frequently nowadays by media outlets, politicians, journalists and the common man. It is disappointing to say that the term and the meaning for nationalism have been taken out of context and misunderstood by certain sections of society that has led to showing nationalists in negative limelight. In this nationalism essay, we shall be talking about what nationalism is, how important it is for a country to survive and certain examples of what has happened with aggressive nationalistic countries.

You can read more  Essay Writing  about articles, events, people, sports, technology many more.

Long and Short Essays on Nationalism for Students and kids in English

In this article, you can find a 600-word nationalism essay and also a brief 200-word nationalism essay for school students and children. These essays can be used by students of class 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10.

Long Essay on Nationalism 600 Words in English

Nationalism Essay is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and 10.

A country is run by its people. And to maintain unity in diversity for the country, there should be a sense of belonging inculcated amongst the citizens towards their country, and nationalism does exactly that. There is no one particular definition of nationalism, but the popular discourse is that nationalism is an ideology or set of beliefs that the people of the country follow to promote the interest of the nation above anything else. Usually, nationalism and patriotism are used as synonyms.

While both the terms help in developing a sense of love towards the nation, they both are fundamentally different. Nationalism is about the interest of the country, from economic development to cultural and social status, but patriotism, on the other hand, is more towards the love and affection for the country in terms of military power and defensive capabilities. While there is no prescribed definition for both the terms, the context with which nationalism and patriotism are used is quite different.

On the other hand, aggressive nationalism, usually called as jingoism, defeats the whole purpose of nationalistic feelings. Jingoism is less about developing a sense of belonging towards the nation among its citizens, but more about war-mongering and propagating hate towards enemy countries. Aggressive nationalism does not entertain critics and dissent. It is a one-sided sentiment, which does not, and more importantly, should not have a place in a democratic and a secular country.

Nationalism is at the core of Indian values and the democratic and the secular fabric of the nation. Indian freedom fighters who fought the mighty Britsh for more than 100 years were nationalistic and patriotic in nature. Nationalism is at the heart of India and its independence movement. It was because of nationalism that India could snatch freedom from the British and finally gain independence on August 15th, 1947. But the nationalism that existed during the freedom movement is quite different from the nationalism that we are witnessing in the 21st century.

The nationalism during the early 19th century was about gaining independence from the British. Nationalism then didn’t divide Indians into any lines. It developed a true sense of patriotism amongst the people and motivated them to come out on the streets and fight against the British’s atrocities on Indian soil. But the nationalism that we witness now is different from the previous one and not is a good way. Nationalism, due to misunderstanding by certain sections of the population, has made it a synonym for hate-mongering and communism. Nationalism now is being compared with religious and ethnic sentiments of people.

Nationalism has absolutely nothing to do with culture, religion or ethnicity of the people. Unfortunately, nationalism, instead of developing a sense of belonging in the people, has developed fear in the crowds, especially for the ones with dissenting and critical voices.

Nationalism has been turned into a tool and litmus test for people’ patriotism. This form of nationalism is sowing seeds for diving the country on ethnic and religious lines. Such type of nationalism, which create hate and animosity amongst the people against the ruling dispensation can no more be called nationalism. Its pure jingoism, which is harmful to the unit of the country.

Elections are fought in many counties in the name of nationalism. Leaders like Donald Trump, Vladamir Putin and Narendra Modi are proud nationalists who have propagated nationalistic feeling amongst the people to win their support. While this is good for the nation, but it is the responsibility of these leaders to make sure that nationalism is not turned into jingoism.

Short Essay on Nationalism 200 Words in English

Nationalism Essay is usually given to classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.

You can find below a short nationalism essay in English with a word limit of 200. This can be used by students and schoolchildren for essay writing, test, assignment, project works and examination.

The terms nationalism refers to an ideology that the leaders of the country propagate to the masses that helps them develop a sense of belonging and unity in the country. The Russian revolution, the American Revolution, the French revolution, the Indian independence movement and many other historic events in the world could take place only because of nationalism among the people. While nationalism is different from patriotism, both help is developing love and unity in the country.

The tallest leaders in India such as Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Vallebhai Patel or Indira Gandhi were all nationalist leaders who put their country first and everything else was of secondary and tertiary priorities. The nationalism was shown in its pure sense all throughout the 19th century. But the terms nationalism was understood differently by the people at the turn of the country.

Nationalism Essay Conclusion

In the 20th century, the feeling of nationalism of the people of the country was taken advantage of and used to win elections and spread hate and animosity among certain sections of people. Nationalists of India need not necessarily hate people from Pakistan. Loving one’s own country does not mean he or she should hate another country. This misunderstanding has led to a widespread war mongering situation, not just in India but elsewhere in the world as well.

This form of hate-mongering and the aggressive nationalism is referred to as jingoism. Jingoist in the USA hate Russians and vice-versa. The same things hold true of jingoist in India and Pakitan. People should understand the difference between nationalism and jingoism and spread love and positivity in the world. One thing we should remember is, we are all humans before being Indians or Americans.

10 Lines on Nationalism Essay in English

• Nationalism is an ideology and a movement in a country that helps in uniting its people.
• The purpose of nationalism is to develop a sense of belonging for the people in the country towards their nation.
• Nationalism unites people across different languages, gender, religion, cultures or ethnicity.
• Indian freedom movement against the Britsh Raj was fought because of strong nationalistic sentiments.
• Events like the American revolution and the french revolution took place because of nationalism.
• Both patriotism and nationalism helps in uniting people.
• Dissent and debates are a part of a healthy democracy.
• Aggressive nationalism which tends to propagate hate and warmongering between countries is called as jingoism.
• While nationalism is good for the country, jingoism can prove to be a disaster for the country.
• Leaders should inculcate nationalistic and patriotic feelings amongst the citizens to keep the country united.

FAQ’s on Nationalism Essay

Question 1. What are the two types of nationalism?

Answer: There are two types of nationalism, left-wing nationalism and right-wing nationalism

Question 2. Is nationalism good for a country?

Answer: Yes, nationalism unites people of the country

Question 3. Who is the father of Indian nationalism?

Answer: Bal Gangadhar Tilak is known as the father of Indian nationalism

Question 4. What is jingoism?

Answer: Aggressive nationalism that harms the people of the county is called jingoism

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Nationalism Essay: Topics, Examples, & Tips

A nationalism essay is focused on the idea of devotion and loyalty to one’s country and its sovereignty. In your paper, you can elaborate on its various aspects. For example, you might want to describe the phenomenon’s meaning or compare the types of nationalism. You might also be interested in exploring nationalism examples: in various countries (South Africa, for instance), in international relations, in government, in world history, or even in everyday life.

This article by our custom-writing experts will help you succeed with your assignment. Here, you will find:

• Definitions and comparisons of different types of nationalism;
• A step-by-step nationalism essay writing guide;
• A number of nationalism examples;
• A list of 44 nationalism essay topics.
• 🔝 Top 10 Topics
• ❓ Definition
• ✔️ Pros & Cons
• 📜 Nationalism Essay Structure
• 🌐 44 Nationalism Topics
• 📝 Essay Prompts & Example

🔝 Top 10 Nationalism Essay Topics

• Irish nationalism in literature
• Cultural nationalism in India
• Can nationalism promote peace?
• The politics of contested nationalism
• How does religion influence nationalism?
• Does globalization diminish nationalism?
• Does nationalism promote imperialism?
• Nationalism in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
• How liberalism leads to economic nationalism
• Link between national identity and civic nationalism

❓ Nationalism Essay: What Is It About?

Nationalism is an idea that a nation’s interests are above those of other countries or individuals. It implies identifying with a nation and promoting its independence. In particular, nationalism ascribes value to a nation’s culture, traditions, religion, language, and territory.

In fact, “nationalism” is a very complicated term. It has many types and gradations that are exciting to explore. Besides, it has a long and varied history. In countries such as India and France nationalism helped to achieve democracy and independence. At the same time, in it extreme forms it led to wars and terrorism. Any of these aspects can be the focus of your nationalism essay.

How to Write about Nationalism?

Nationalism is a complex phenomenon. It has positive and negative sides. Because of this, it’s crucial to write about it objectively. In any academic text on nationalism, you should provide relevant arguments, quotes, and other evidence.

Types of Nationalism

As we’ve mentioned before, nationalism is a complicated notion. It varies a lot from country to country as well as historically. That’s why scholars proposed a classification of nationalism types. It helps to reflect these differences. Check out some of the most popular forms of nationalism in the list below.

• Cultural nationalism. This type is centered on a nation’s culture and language. In the 1800s, it became a popular idea in Europe and postcolonial states. Cultural nationalism is reflected in the celebration of folklore and local dialects. For example, in Ireland it led to an increased interest in the Gaelic language. We can still find ideas related to this ideology today. A prominent example is Americans’ appreciation of their cultural symbols, such as the flag.
• Civic nationalism. Civic nationalism’s definition is an idea of belonging through common rights. According to this ideology, the interests of a state are more important than those of a single nation. Civic nationalism is based on modern ideas of equality and personal freedom. These values help people achieve common goals. Nowadays, civic nationalism is closely associated with liberal Western countries.
• Ethnic nationalism. This type is focused on common ethnicity and ancestry. According to ethno-nationalists, a country’s homogenous culture allows sovereignty. This ideology is considered controversial due to its association with racism and xenophobia. Ethnic nationalism’s pros and cons can be illustrated by its effects on culture in Germany. On the one hand, it influenced the art of the Romantic era. On the other, its extreme form led to the rise of Nazism.
• Economic nationalism. A simple definition of economic nationalism is the idea that a government should protect its economy from outside influences. It leads to the discouragement of cooperation between countries. Such an approach has its benefits. However, it is often counterproductive. Scholars point out many failures throughout the history of economic nationalism. The Great Depression, for example, was prolonged due to this approach.
• Religious nationalism. The fusion of politics and religion characterizes this ideology. Its proponents argue that religion is an integral part of a national identity. For instance, it helps to unite people. The rise of religious nationalism often occurs in countries that fight for independence. Notable examples are India, Pakistan, and Christian countries like Poland.

The Globalism vs Nationalism Debate

One of the fiercest debates concerning nationalism is focused on how it relates to globalism. These two attitudes are often seen as opposed to each other. Some even call globalism and nationalism “the new political divide.” Let’s see whether this point of view is justified.

Nowadays, communities around the world are becoming more and more homogenous. This unification and interconnectedness is called globalization , while an ideology focused on its promotion is known as globalism.

Naturally, these tendencies have their pros and cons . Want to learn more? Have a look at the table below.

As you can see, both notions have their strong and weak aspects. But can globalism and nationalism coexist? In fact, many scholars say “ yes, they can .” Instead of choosing either option, people can combine their best traits. This way, we will promote effective communication and collaboration.

Nationalism vs. Patriotism

You may be wondering: Is nationalism a synonym for patriotism? The answer is that both words denote pride and love for one’s country. However, there is an important distinction to be made. While patriotism has a generally positive meaning, nationalism has a negative one.

The main difference lies in the attitude towards other nations:

• Patriotism doesn’t imply that one’s nation is superior to others. Generally, this term refers to how the state approaches its ideals, values, and culture. In this case, a patriot of a particular country can represent any nation, regardless of their origin.
• In contrast, nationalism implies an idea of a nation’s sovereignty. This means that a country’s interests are viewed separately from the rest of the world. It also focuses on the importance of nation’s culture and ethnicity. In extreme situations, these values may result in an idea of supremacy.

In short, nationalism is patriotism taken to the extreme. With this in mind, let’s have a look at positive and negative effects of nationalism. An essay on any of the following points will surely be a success.

✔️ Nationalism Pros and Cons

If you have to write an essay on “why nationalism is good”, here are some of its key benefits for you to consider:

But what about the concept’s drawbacks? After all, nothing can be 100% beneficial. For a credible investigation, it’s necessary to examine both sides of the topic. Here are some disadvantages to consider for a paper on nationalism:

As you can see, nationalism can lead both to prosperity and destruction. Now you know why keeping the balance is crucial to a nation’s well-being. Think about it when you write your argumentative essay on nationalism.

📜 Nationalism Essay Structure

Now, let’s take a closer look at the essay structure. When writing your paper on nationalism, follow this outline:

So, was the writing process as hard as you expected? Nationalism essays indeed require a little bit more time and research than other papers. Nonetheless, you can only benefit from this experience.

🌐 Nationalism Essay Topics

Don’t know which nationalism essay topic to choose? Try one of the ideas below:

• How do nationalism and patriotism differ? The former is linked to acquiring territories perceived as the homeland. The latter means taking pride in the nation’s achievements. Scholars sometimes consider patriotism a form of nationalism.
• How does nationalism affect the distribution of the Sars-CoV-2 vaccine? Determine whether the countries with nationalist tendencies are more successful in getting their population vaccinated.
• Nationality politics in the Soviet Union. Under the rule of Stalin, the USSR transformed into a totalitarian state. But before that, Lenin took care to enact extensive ethnicity laws. What happened when Stalin slammed the brakes on the program?
• Perceiving nationalism as bad: why is it common? For many, the word itself evokes negative associations. For a person who considers themselves a liberal, it may seem like a great evil. Where does this perception come from? What benefits does nationalism have for liberals?
• Nationalist ideology and its many categories. In nationalism studies, the main distinction is between its ethnic and civic types. But there are many other categories that you can explore. Use this prompt to give an overview of such concepts.
• Religious nationalism: Crusades vs. Jihad. In the Middle Ages, Christians tried to stop Islam’s expansion via bloody crusades. In modern times, the call to jihad is used to mobilize extremist Muslims. What are the major differences between these types of holy war?
• What role does nationalism play in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict Israel and Palestine have been fighting for decades over what they believe to be a holy land. The dispute appears to be unsolvable. What arguments do both parties bring forth? How does Arab nationalism come into play here?
• The development of nationalism over time . The French Revolution was the result of nationalist thinking. However, what we perceive as nationalist today is different from what it was back then. In your essay, trace the origins and evolution of the term “nationalism” and its meaning.
• Prominent dictators then and now: a comparison. Hitler, Mussolini, and Franco are well-known names. But how do they compare to modern authoritarian leaders? When answering this question, evaluate the role of nationalist ideology.
• What are some political disadvantages of nationalism? Populist leaders are often unpopular with other politicians. Some examples are Poland’s PiS party and Donald Trump. Discuss how a nationalist stance can affect domestic policies.
• Arab nationalism and its influence on the world economy.
• Nationalism vs. liberalism.
• German nationalism and the World Wars.
• Economic nationalism: pros and cons.
• European nationalism in the 20th century.
• Globalism vs. nationalism: how do they differ ?
• Jewish nationalism and its influence on the formation of the Israeli state.
• Relationship between nationalism and religion.
• Nationalism in Orwell’s novels.
• The French Revolution: how nationalism influenced the political system change.
• Is nationalism objectively good or bad?
• Nationalism, transnationalism, and globalism: differences and similarities.
• Russian nationalism in the 21st century and its impact on the world political system.
• Nationalism as a catalyst for war.
• Liberal nationalism and radical nationalism: benefits and disadvantages.
• Evaluate the significance of national identity.
• What is the difference between race and ethnicity?
• How can love of a country positively impact a state’s healthcare system?
• What fueled the rise of nationalism in the post-socialist space?
• Trace the connection between nationalist ideology and morality.
• What countries are considered nationalizing?
• Compare the conflicts where nationalism hinders solution.
• Choose five aspects of neo-nationalism and analyze them.
• Nationalist expressions in art .
• Nationalism in Ukraine: consequences of the Crimean annexation.
• Revolution and nationalism in South America.
• Examine the significance of street names to spread nationalist views.
• Why do people grow attached to a specific territory?
• The political power of nationalist language and propaganda.
• What does the feminist theory say about chauvinism?
• What makes post-colonial nationalism unique?
• Assess the difference between Western and non‐Western nationalism.
• Sex and gender in nationalism.
• Civic and ethnic forms of nationalism: similarities and differences.

📝 Nationalism Examples & Essay Prompts

Want more ideas? Check out these additional essay prompts on some of the crucial nationalism topics!

Nationalism in South Africa Essay Prompt

South African nationalism is a movement aimed at uniting indigenous African peoples and protecting their values. An essay on this topic can consist of the following parts:

• The factors that led to the rise of African nationalism. These include dissatisfaction with colonial oppression, racial discrimination, and poor living conditions.
• Effects of African nationalism. One significant achievement is indigenous peoples regaining their territories. They also improved their status and revived their culture that was distorted by colonialism.
• Conclusion of African nationalism. With time, the struggle for autonomy evolved into an idea of Pan Africanism. This concept refers to the unification of indigenous South African peoples.

Nationalism in India Essay Prompt

Nationalism in 19 th -century India was a reaction against British rule. One of its defining characteristics is the use of non-violent protests. Your essay on this topic may cover the following aspects:

• Mahatma Gandhi and Indian nationalism. Gandhi was a pioneer of non-violent civil disobedience acts. His adherence to equality inspired many human rights activists.
• Cultural nationalism in India. Pride rooted in national heritage, language, and religion played a crucial role in Indian nationalism. One of the most important figures associated with this movement is Bengal poet Rabindranath Tagore.

Nationalism in the Philippines Essay Prompt

Nationalism in the Philippines has a unique chronological pattern. It’s also closely related to the Philippino identity. You can explore these and other aspects in your essay:

• The rise of Filipino nationalism in the 19 th century. Discuss the role of José Rizal and the Propaganda Movement in these events.
• Nationalism and patriotism in the Philippines. Compare the levels of patriotism at different points in the country’s history.
• Is there a lack of nationalism in the Philippines? Studies show that Filipinos have a relatively weak sense of nationhood and patriotism. What is your perspective on this problem?

How Did Nationalism Lead to WWI?: Essay Prompt

Nationalism is widely considered to be one of the leading causes of WWI. Discuss it with the following prompts:

• Militarism and nationalism before WWI. Militarism is a belief in a country’s military superiority. Assess its role in countries such as the British and Russian Empires before the war.
• How did imperialism contribute to WWI? Imperialism refers to a nation’s fight for new territories. It fuelled the rivalry between the world’s leading countries before the war.
• Nationalism in the Balkans and the outbreak of WWI. Write a persuasive essay on the role of the Balkan crisis in Franz Ferdinand’s assassination. How did this event lead to the outbreak of war?

Want to see what a paper on this topic may look like? Check out this nationalism essay example:

Now you have all you need to write an excellent essay on nationalism. Liked this article? Let us know in the comment section below!

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🔗 References

• A New Dawn in Nationalism Studies? European History Quaterly
• The SAGE Handbook of Nations and Nationalism: Google Books
• Nationalism Studies Program: 2-year MA Student Handbook (CEU)
• Nationalism: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
• Nationalism is back: The Economist
• Working-class Neo-Nationalism in Postsocialist Cluj, Romania: Academia
• Nationalism: Encyclopedia Britannica
• Nationalism: Definition, Examples, and History: The Balance
• The Problem of Nationalism: The Heritage Foundation
• Effects of Nationalism: LearnAlberta
• The Difference Between Patriotism and Nationalism: Merriam-Webster
• Varieties of American Popular Nationalism: Harvard University
• Not So Civic: Is There a Difference between Ethnic and Civic Nationalism?: Annual Review
• Globalism and Nationalism: Which One Is Bad?: Taylor & Francis Online
• African Nationalism and the Struggle for Freedom: Pearson Higher Education
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Hi. Can you please help me out in getting a simple topic to discuss/write for my final essay in my masters programme pertaining to nationalism. I’m new to this field of study and would want to enjoy reading and writing this final essay. Thanks in advance for your help.

Thanks to historians all over the world!

I have to write a 3000-word essay on the following topic: “Is it possible to imagine nationalism without the nation”? I find the readings difficult to understand and would greatly appreciate any help you could give me. Thank you. Noreen Devine

Hi Noreen, We’d be happy to help you with this task. Don’t hesitate to place an order with our writing company. Our best writer will help you understand the readings and create a great paper.

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Essay on Nationalism: Patriotism and Unity

• Essay On Nationalism

Long and Short Nationalism and Patriotism Essay

The word ‘Nationalism’ itches a question in everyone’s mind - what is it and the significance of nationalism in a country. To define nationalism, it is simply nothing but patriotism towards the country. Every citizen must have some kind of sentiment towards their country and nationalism defines that. It is really significant in the field of international politics. Nationalism is a magical term that binds the people of a country altogether. 

Below are the samples of short and long essays on Nationalism provided keeping the students’ convenience in mind. Take a look for a better understanding. 

Long Nationalism and Patriotism Essay

Nationalism is synonymous with the word ‘Patriotism’. It is believed to be an ideology that depicts an individual’s love and respect towards the nation. It is nothing but the common man’s feeling towards their country. 

The concept of nationalism originated during the pre-independent era in India. As the Britishers stepped into this country as traders and slowly turned into rulers, it became inevitable to get them out of the country. As a consequence, all the Indians bonded together, became stronger and a lot of major events and movements followed in order 

Movements like Satyagrah, the Salt March, the non-co-operation movement, Quit India movement broke out and that’s how the concept of nationalism was evoked amongst the Indians irrespective of gender, race, or religion. In that era, many social groups were formed and they had a strong impact on the people of India. Followingly, some major events like the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and the Khilafat movement took place. 

Indian National Congress was formed in 1885 in order to provide a civil platform for the common Indians. The struggle against Britishers helped the Indians to develop a feeling of responsibility and devotion towards their motherland. This collective power of devotion helped the Indians to understand the power of nationalism. 

Below are a few factors that are responsible for the rise of nationalism in India. Take a look -

The British came to India for trading purposes as a part of the East India company. But eventually became rulers of the country and violence started erupting everywhere which spoils the communal harmony among all the nationalists. 

However, India has been developed as a unified nation under the government of the Britishers. This had a strong influence on the economic development of the country and thus led to a strong sense of nationalism among every Indian. 

There was a lot of influence left by the Britishers such as the English language has become one of the popular international languages used by the Indians. All the knowledgeable people of the country started communicating in English and this has become the interactive medium between all the linguistic groups. 

While Indians are under the rule of Britishers, a bunch of good and bad things happened. Among the good deeds, one is the development of transportation in the country and as a result, the Britishers developed a well-led railway system across the country. It helps all the Indians to get connected well and bond together. 

Along with the independence movement, various social movements also took place at that time period in India which helped to reform many superstitious practices and social evils in order to develop the basic social structure of the country. 

Short Essay on Nationalism

Nationalism is nothing but an ideology that happens due to several factors. Among those factors, a few are - history, territory, mother tongue, culture, heritage, tradition, mentality etc. with the help of these factors, a sense of belonging develops among the people. It somehow also helps to nurture the love and devotion of an individual towards the entire nation. 

The concept of nationalism was there for a long time. But in India, the concept took birth during the time of the independence movement. That was the phase when all the Indians came forward irrespective of caste, religion, language, or region etc. and fought against the British monarchy. That’s how the collective devotion of all the staunch Indian nationalists became prominent and bonding became stronger. 

Nationalism is the common factor among all the citizens that would bind them together and give them the unity and strength which is required. Nationalism is the hardcore reason behind national integration. People of an individual nation get strength through this magical term. It puts all the countrymen together and keeps all the hatred and crimes at the bay. 

In India, the term ‘nationalism’ has been misused quite frequently by the politicians, media, and common man. However, there were a lot of factors that worked in favour of nationalism in India. From World War I to the Jallianwala bagh massacre, these major incidents in Indian history accelerated the entire nation and motivated the Indian citizens against the British rulers. This is how nationalism became the main factor for the Independence movement in pre-independent India.

FAQs on Essay on Nationalism: Patriotism and Unity

1. Who is the Father of Indian Nationalism?

Ans: The father is Indian nationalism is Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

2. How Many Categories of Nationalism are There in Our Country?

Ans: There are two kinds of nationalism i.e. left-wing nationalism and right-wing nationalism. 

3. Define Nationalism.

Ans: Nationalism is nothing but the desire to support the nation in its true aspect. Every citizen’s responsibility is to maintain loyalty towards the nation. 

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Essay on Nationalism: Meaning, Merits and Demerits of Nationalism

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Meaning of Nationalism :

Suffice it to say here that the people who have same race, language, religion, history, literature, economic interests and political aspirations, feelings of nationalism are aroused among them. Nationalism teaches us to love our motherland.

The nationalist love their motherland, rivers, mountains, flowers, animals and birds very much and they say that motherland is better than paradise. Hans Kohn writes, “Nationalism is an idea, an idea-force which fills man’s brain and heart with new thoughts and sentiments and drives him to translate his consciousness into deeds of organised action”.

According to Dr. Gamer, “It is one of the characteristic features of modem nationalism that most peoples who constitute a nationality aspire either to be independent and to be under a state organisation of their own choice and creation or at least to be accorded a large political autonomy where they are united with another nationality or nationalities in the same state”.

Merits of Nationalism :

(1) Helpful in liberating the country from foreign yoke:

Nationalism infused the spirit of patriotism in the minds of the people. If a country is under the yoke of a foreign rule as was the case in India before 1947, the people can be united for attaining freedom through nationalism.

In the nineteenth century, in Greece, Italy, Bulgaria, Serbia and Poland and in the twentieth century in many countries of Africa, Asia and South America many freedom movements were started. Inspired by the national feelings, the people of these countries freed themselves from the foreign rule.

(2) It leads to social unit:

Through nationalism the feelings of the high and low and cateism are banished from the minds of the people, and social unity is achieved. The nationalist leaders make the people understand with full force that our nation can progress and can have a prestigious place in the world only, when all disparities are removed.

(3) It leads to the spirit of heroism and self-sacrifice:

Nationalism creates the feeling of heroism and self-sacrifice. Every nation has to make several sacrifices for the attainment and protection of its freedom. India at first freed itself from the Turks and the Mughals and later from Britishers.

In order to achieve this aim, our people made many sacrifices which have gained an important place in our history. Similarly, our countrymen made several sacrifices to face the Chinese and Pakistani aggressions and our armed forces displayed a spirit of unique heroism. It forms a golden chapter of our history.

(4) It leads to economic prosperity:

The feeling of nationalism unites the people and they work for the economic prosperity of the country. They bear the burden of extra taxes in order to implement plans in the national interest.

(5) Nationalism enables the country face the economic and political crisis effectively:

Every nation faces an economic or political crisis once or twice in its career, and the world history is a clear proof of it. If the people have national feelings, they will have unity, and the spirit of self-sacrifice. With the help of this spirit, the people of that country shall be able to face the crisis boldly.

(6) It leads to political unity and stability:

Nationalism is a great organising force. Through this force, the leaders create political unity among the people and they crush disintegrating tendencies. It brings about stability in the nation. For example, when on October 20, 1962, China invaded India, the spirit of nationalism was aroused among the people but the Leftist Communists preached in favour of China and their anti-national tendency was clearly seen. Therefore, the then Minister for Home Affairs, Shri Gulzarilal Nanda, put them behind the bars and created political unity and stability in the country.

(7) Nationalism helps in curbing mutual conflicts and quarrels and the attention of the people is drawn towards big problems.

(8) The individual gives up his selfish interest and works for national interest.

(9) True nationalism is an important link between different countries of the world. Mahatma Gandhi, Shri Jawaharlal Nehru and Mrs. Indira Gandhi being true nationalists, were Internationalists also. Under the inspiration of Shri Jawaharlal Nehru, the U.N. declared the year 1965 as international co-operation year.

India under the leadership of Mrs. Gandhi had become President of Non- Aligned Movement. After her assassination on October 31, 1984, Mr. Rajiv Gandhi became the President of Non-Aligned Movement. If the nationalism is liberal, it is not harmful. Liberal nationalists want world peace. They believe in equality, liberty and prosperity of all nations. However, sometimes it becomes aggressive nationalism.

The following are the drawbacks of aggressive nationalism:-

Demerits of Aggressive Nationalism :

(1) Aggressive nationalism leads to racism:

Aggressive nationalism leads to racism. Hitler encouraged racism in the name of nationalism and said that Aryan race was the best race and it had been made to rule all over the world. He turned the Jews out of Germany. Mussolini also believed in racial supremacy. The British likewise believed in the supremacy of the white race.

(2) It encourages Colonialism and Imperialism:

In the name of nationalism many European races discovered many new markets for their goods in the name of racism and established colonies. Later on for the sake of their national interests, they conquered many parts of the world and expanded their empire. The English, Dutch, French, Russians, Japanese, Germans, Italians and Spanish people acted similarly during the nineteenth and twentieth century’s.

(3) It is likely to endanger world peace:

When nationalism takes the extreme form in any country, that country invades other weaker countries, which becomes the basis for a world war. For example, Hitler invaded Austria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Denmark, Norway, Belgium and France and Russia.

Mussolini invaded Ethiopia, The result of all these invasions, was the Second World War in which there occurred a great destruction of men, money and material. After the Second World War, Pakistan followed this policy and, first in 1947, and later in 1965 and 1971, she invaded India. It resulted in a great loss of life and property to both the countries.

(4) It is hindrance in the way of World Federation and international co­operation:

Militant or aggressive nationalism is a great hindrance in the way of international co-operation. Many modern intellectuals are of the view that in order to establish world peace, it is essential that every state should give up a part of its sovereignty and give it to the world-federation. But militant nationalism proves a hindrance in its way.

Conclusion:

If the nationalism does not take the militant form, it is a good thing. It will help in settling international conflicts. Unity will be established and mutual goodwill and co-operation will be increased. As Hayes has said, “Nationalism will prove a boon for the humanity and the world if it means pure patriotism. If it takes a militant form, it will result in mutual enmity and non-co- operation among the nations and the world peace will be disturbed. In that situation, it will prove a curse”.

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Nationalism Essay

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Nationalism Of Nationalism

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Nationalism as a Political Occurrence Essay

What is nationalism, a brief typology of nationalism, works cited.

Nationalism can be described as a political occurrence that can exist in several ways. Nationalism is continued by certain agents and is subject to many views. James Kellas described nationalism in international relations as an origin of crisis, an origin of resistance to the state system in existence, a resistance to international establishments, and an indicator of a country’s capability in regard to international affairs (43).

Nationalism has been variously interpreted to imply the creation and continuation of a state. Anthony Smith recognized five ways of using nationalism: the entire procedure of developing and preserving a nation; a source of sense of belonging and patriotism to the nation; symbolization to the nation; a political orientation of the nation, which includes cultural doctrines; a political and societal struggle for the achievement of national goals (181).

Nationalism could be considered a way of conduct or an ideology or both (Smith 4). In the sense of ideology, nationalism stands as a system of ideas normally requiring rights of self-governance. In this respect, nationalism declares the peculiarity of a certain nation and their right to rule themselves in their territory (Easman 28).

This classical description presumes that nationalism is based on the nation and the right of the nation to determine for itself in their homeland. However, the application of nationalism is mostly narrowed to the quest of nationhood where a particular nation moves to stand for a state that has chosen to be considered as politically disparate. This ideology has caused a movement for independence.

In another view, Walker Connor contends that nationalism is a matter of trueness and allegiance (42). In this regard, the ideology of nationalism is concerned with the faithfulness to the nation and how it’s several aspects of attributes and values can be preserved. Walker Connor supports the view of nationalism as a display of allegiance to the nation (42).

Hence, nationalism is not against a people’s loyalty to their state-nation. Small or large groups can be faithful to the laws of the state however be loyal to their premier identity source, which is their national or ethnic identity. This peculiarity is striking in countries having multinational states, as there is a distinction between the nation and the state.

Connor argues that nationalism is faithfulness and allegiance to the nation, whereas Easman contends that it is faithfulness and allegiance to the community. Hence, it can be seen that nationalism is a manifestation of what is termed “ethnic solidarity”. Ethnocentric attitudes as well as nationalist sentiments make up a vital aspect of nationalism. The way a nationalist behaves and its manner of consideration is strengthened and supported through “mechanisms of socialization” (Evans and Newnham 347).

In the analysis of the conditions in the presentation of nationalism, it can be seen that it basically explains certain aspects of nationalism. Even though it is generally accepted that research on nationalism is still far away from improving a desired typology or normative use. James Kellas gave three broad approaches that give a description of nationalism: state/official nationalism, ethnic nationalism, and civic/social nationalism (66).

Official nationalism is the state’s nationalism that covers all legal citizens, regardless of their ethnic origin and tradition (Kellas 67). This is the type of nationalism that is practiced by the citizens in the form of patriotism. There is a difference between official nationalism and other forms of nationalism in the sense that it is practiced by government authorities at the state level via internal policies.

Hence, nationalism is in this case, defined in regard to national interest. Therefore, state nationalism is based on patriotism to the nation and the intention of the citizens to affiliate the political status of the state with the nation. This makes the state a political entity that stands for the will of every citizen that also brings together their national allegiance and loyalty.

Ethnic nationalism represents the ideology and social movement of cultural groups that one of its priority goals is building a “nation-state” founded on their cultural heritage and other ethnic markers that reinforces a feeling of belonging to what the group consider a nation.

On another front, ethnic nationalism may be concentrated on sustaining the group’s “ethnic solidarity” and look forward to the preservation of its culture via district, ethnical and political self-governance inside a certain state. In this regard, the movement for the continuation of a cultural identity is perceived as a manifestation of an ethnic nationalism.

According to James Kellas, civic or social nationalism is the nationalism of a state that is determined by cultural and social affiliations instead of shared descent (66). In contrast to ethnic nationalism, civic or social nationalism has to do with “secondary community” instead of a “primary community” (Thompson 49).

In the civic or social nationalism, foreigners can take part in the group by adopting their culture and adjusting to the society. This type of nationality is one that is gotten by immigrants. The cultural or national groups are required to wholly incorporate the new nation and also comply with the nation’s standards, after the acquisition of citizenship.

Connor, Walker. Etnonacionalismo . Madrid: Trama Editorial, 1998. Print.

Easman, Milton J. Ethnic Politics . Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994. Print.

Evans, Graham, and Jeffrey Newnham. The Penguin Dictionary of International Relations . New York: Penguin Books Ltd., 1998. Print.

Kellas, James G. The Politics of Nationalism and Ethnicity . 2nd ed. New York: St. Martin’s Press Inc., 1998. Print.

Smith, Anthony D. Structure and Persistence of Ethnic . Malden: Polity Press, 2003. Print.

Thompson, Richard H. Theories of Ethnicity . Westport: Greenwood Press, 1989. Print.

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Student Essays

Essay on Nationalism | Types, Factors & Importance of Nationalism

Nationalism refers to the belief that one’s own nation is superior, or that it has a unique mission to fulfill in the world. This means that a nationalist will typically be proud of his/her country’s achievements, and see it as a model for others to emulate. Nationalism also means that a nationalist will likely take a dim view of other countries and their achievements, seeing them as inferior.

Essay on Nationalism | Meaning, Types, Factors of Nationalism Essay for Students

Nationalism can be a perfectly healthy state of mind, providing it is kept in check by a sense of proportion. National pride often leads to national ambition: the desire to build or create a better society at home. This ambition can be a force for progress, if it is accompanied by a strong dose of realism and a sense of responsibility.

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It’s important to remember that not all countries are nationalists, and not all nationalists think alike. Nations differ in terms of the scale of their achievements, their sense of collective identity and the strength of their nationalist sentiments.

Types of Nationalism

There are three main types of nationalism, civic nationalism, ethnic nationalism and cultural nationalism. All these types have their own particular expressions of cultural identity, comprising many cultural idiosyncrasies.

Civic nationalism is the form of nationalism in which the state derives political legitimacy from the active participation of its citizenry, from the degree to which it represents the “will of the people”.

Ethnic Nationalism:  This form of nationalism emphasizes a “pure” race, an ethnicity.  The state derives political legitimacy in the ancient rootedness of its people in their territory. Ethnic nationalists support the idea that national identity is inherent to a group’s genetic make-up, and that nationality is always defined by one’s blood.

Cultural Nationalism:   This form of nationalism reflects a shared culture. National identity is defined by a shared language, culture and history.

Factors that Strengthen Nationalism

Nations are important vehicles for the organization of populations, especially when they are associated with a state. A sense of belonging to a nation is an important factor for social cohesion. Hence, it is not surprising that many nationalist movements have aimed at strengthening this sense of belonging through various kinds of cultural symbols and practices.

Nationalism draws its roots from a number of different sources, including:

• Historical memories and the collective identity that they create.
• National languages and literature, which help create a distinctive identity.
• Geographical factors, in particular natural borders such as rivers, mountain ranges and coastlines.
• State or private organizations that promote national languages and cultural symbols (such as flags, anthems and museums).
• Political ideologies, such as socialism and liberalism.
• Emotional components, such as national pride or desire for freedom from foreign domination.

Role & Importance of Nationalism 

Nationalism is a major political and economic force, as well as a source of inspiration for institutions such as the state and the legal system. It is also a key factor in political and social mobilization, and therefore affects the public sphere.

Nationalism forms the basis of all states: without it, as Benedict Anderson famously put it, there would be no states. Nations without states are not merely imagined but also real through-and-through, since they are defined as sovereign entities by international law.

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Nationalism in a positive sense can play a constructive role in building a nation and its people. However, it can also lead to violence and wars.

It is a double-edged sword, and the same force that can either unite or divide. So it’s important to understand what type of nationalism is at play, while keeping in mind that nationalism’s roots are found in the past. Nationalism may feel like it is about today, but it is often rooted in history and past circumstances.

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